In a large skillet, cook the beef, breaking it apart with a spatula, over medium high heat until the beef is browned and the fat is rendered, about 5 minutes. Spoon out and discard any fat in the pan. Add the taco seasoning to the beef and about ¼ cup of water. Heat and stir on medium until the water has evaporated. Remove the seasoned meat to a bowl.
To the pan, add the refried beans. Heat until just warmed, so the beans have a chance to loosen up.
Preheat the oven to 450℉.
On a large, oval ovenproof platter or in a large baking dish, spread 1 layer of chips. Top with spoonfuls of ½ of the beans, then ½ of the beef mixture, cheeses, and jalapeños. Repeat with a 2nd layer of chips, beans, beef, cheese, and jalapeños. Bake until the cheeses are melted and the mixture is hot, 5 to 8 minutes. Remove from the oven.
In a small bowl, whisk together the sour cream and lime juice, with a pinch of salt. Drizzle over the nachos, garnish with cilantro, and serve immediately.